GLP-1: key adherence to maintaining weight loss

Introduction

Sustained adherence to GLP-1 receptor agonists has become one of the main challenges in the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
A real-world analysis presented at ObesityWeek 2025 revealed that discontinuing these therapies leads to significant weight regain, particularly in patients without diabetes, underscoring the importance of therapeutic persistence in maintaining long-term benefits.

Study Data

Design and Sources

The study integrated electronic health records and claims data from more than 150 US insurers, covering 1.23 million patients with overweight, obesity, or type 2 diabetes treated with GLP-1 agonists.

Adherence rate

6-month persistence: 55%

12-month persistence: 38%

Greater continuity among patients with type 2 diabetes and those with a BMI ≥35 kg/m².

Effects of treatment discontinuation

Weight changes

The average weight loss upon discontinuation of therapy was 10.1%. However, 12 months after discontinuation, an average recovery of 7.5% of body weight was recorded.

Twenty-seven percent of patients regained ≥5% of their weight after discontinuing treatment, demonstrating a clinically relevant rebound effect.

Interpretation and limitations

The researchers noted that patients with greater initial weight loss were also more likely to regain weight after discontinuation.
The study provides methodological robustness by combining multiple data sources, but did not evaluate the impact of compounded formulations, combination therapies, or lifestyle changes, factors that could influence weight regain.

Conclusion

The results reinforce the need for strategies that promote adherence and continuity of GLP-1 treatment to prevent weight regain and preserve metabolic benefits.
Obesity, understood as a chronic disease, requires prolonged management and sustained follow-up, with clear communication between physician and patient about expectations and therapeutic duration.

Reference

Weintraub, M. A., Chang, E. T., Almandoz, J. P., Girguis, M. S., Saleem, N., Malik, R. E., Muntner, P., & Dluzniewski, P. (2025). Weight Change After GLP-1 Discontinuation in US Patients Living With Overweight/Obesity or Diabetes. Presented at ObesityWeek 2025, Abstract Oral-025.

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